Phrasal verbs

Ø A phrasal verb is a verb followed by an adverb or preposition.

·    run away (verb + adverb)

·    look after (verb + preposition)

Ø The adverb or preposition in a phrasal verb is also called the particle.

Ø A phrasal verb can also be a verb followed by an adverb and a preposition.

·    get on with,   run out of

Ø Some people also call phrasal verbs ‘multiword verbs’ or ‘prepositional verbs’ or group verbs’.

Ø Intransitive phrasal verbs

Some phrasal verbs are intransitive and some are transitive. Here is an example of an intransitive phrasal verb, (one not needing an object).

run out I went to see if there was any milk left in the fridge but found that we

had run out (= there was no milk left in the fridge).

Ø Transitive phrasal verbs

Here is an example of a transitive phrasal verb (one needing an object).

run sth up Tanjil ran up huge debts by borrowing money to try to keep the company going. (= he spent so much that he had very large debts).

In the dictionary we show transitive phrasal verbs by writing the phrasal verb with ‘sb’ (short for ‘somebody’) or ‘sth’ (short for ‘something’). This shows that the phrasal verb has to have an object. In the example above,we show ‘run sth up’because you can only ‘run something up’, you can’t just ‘run up’. If a phrasal verb can be transitive and intransitive,we show it like this: light (sth) up. The bracketed (sth) shows that something can ‘light up’ or it can ‘light something up’.

Moving the object with a transitive phrasal verb

If a phrasal verb is transitive, you need to know if you can put an object between the verb and the particle. For example, you can do this with take off but not with look after.

Take your coat off. ✓ Look after yourself. ✓

Take off your coat. ✓ Look yourself after. ✗

[For knowing the position of object, see Word order with phrasal verbs]

1.Act

a.       Act as (wn‡m‡e KvR Kiv) He acted as my clerk.

b.      Act for[sth/sb](Kv‡iv ev wKQ–i Rb¨ KvR Kiv) We should act for the justice of the country.

c.       Act on (Ab–mv‡i KvR Kiv) We acted on his suggestion.

d.      Act up(weM‡o hvIqv)The kids started acting up.The motor car acted up suddenly.

e.       Act upon(¶wZ Kiv A‡_©)Smoking acts upon one’s health.

f.       Act up to(Ab–mv‡i KvR Kiv)He always acts up to my advice.

2.Ask

a.       Ask after(‡LuvR †bIqv)She asked after my health.

b.      Ask for(PvIqv)He asked for a loan of one thousand rupees.

3.Bear

a.       Bear away,off(Rq Kiv A†_©)We expect that Bangladesh will bear away(or,off)the world cup cricket in future.

b.      Bear on(relate to,m¤úwK©Z nIqv)His remark does not bear on this subject.

c.       Bear out(mg_©b Kiv) My statement bears out the fact.

d.      Bear up (sustain, g‡bi †Rvi eRvq ivLv/AUj ivLv) His patience bore him up in that crisis.

e.       Bear with (tolerate, mn¨ Kiv) I cannot bear with such insult.

4.Blow

a.       Blow away (DovBqv †bIqv) The west wind is asked to blow away the dead leaves by the poet Shelley.

b.      Blow out (extinguish, †bfv‡bv,dyrKv‡i wbwf‡q †djv) The wind blew out the lamp.

c.       Blow over (†_‡g hvIqv) The west wind will not blow over.

d.      Blow up (wea&aˉ— Kiv/nIqv) The building blew up.

5.Break

a.       Break away (cvjv‡bv) The convict broke away from the jail.

b.      Break down (†f‡½ cov) The mud house broke down in rain.

c.       Break in, on (interrupt, euvav †`Iqv) You should not break in/on our conversation.

d.      Break into (enter by force,fvw½qv cÖ‡ek Kiv) The robber broke into the house in midnight.

e.        Break off(stop suddenly,nVvr †_‡g hvIqv)The speaker broke off in the middle of his speech.

f.       Break out (cÖv`yf©ve NUv) Aids has broken out in most of the western countries.

g.      Break up (close, QywU nIqv)Our school breaks up at 4 pm.

h.      Break with(m¤cK© wQbœ Kiv)I broke with him.

6.Bring

a.       Bring about(cause to happen,NUv‡bv)He tried to bring about a quarrel between them.

b.      Bring back(†diZ Avbv)I must bring it back tomorrow.

c.       Bring down(civwRZ Kiv)He brought him down.

d.      Bring down(reduce,`vg Kgv‡bv)The good harvest(dmj †Zvjvi FZz) brought down the price of rice.

e.       Bring down(f~cvwZZ Kiv)All the trees are brought down.

f.       Bring forth(Rb§ †`Iqv/Drcv`b Kiv)She brought forth a son.The timely rain brings forth good crops.

g.      Bring forward(ZvwiL ev mgq AvwM‡q Avbv)The meeting has been brought forward from 10 may to 3 may.

h.      Bring in(m~Pbv/cÖeZ©b Kiv)We had to bring in a new system.

i.        Bring off(D×vi Kiv)The goalie brought off a superb save.

j.        Bring on(†cÖiYv/cÖ‡ivPbv †`Iqv)The speech of the teachers brought on the students to be attentive.

k.      Bring out(cÖKvk Kiv)My fault was brought out.

l.        Bring round,to(m‡PZb Kiv)We soon brought her round.

m.    Bring through(cure,Av‡ivM¨ Kiv)The new medicine has brought the patient through.

n.      Bring to(Ávb wdwi‡q Avbv A‡_©)The patient was brought to.

o.      Bring under(ek gvbv‡bv)The wild horse was brought under.

p.      Bring up(rear,jvjb cvjb Kiv) He was brought up by his aunt.

7.Burst

a.       Burst in,into(nVvr †Mvjgvj K‡i cÖ‡ek Kiv)He Burst in my room.

b.      Burst in on(nVvr euvav cÖ`vb Kiv)He burst in on the meeting.

c.       Burst into(Kvbœv/nuvwm‡Z †d‡U cov)She burst into laughter.

d.      Burst out(nVvr kyiy Kiv) Habib burst out laughing.

8.Call

a.       Call at(†Kvb ˉ’v‡b wM‡q †`Lv Kiv)I’ll call at your office.

b.      Call away(Ab¨ w`‡K gb AvKl©Y Kiv)She was called away from the meeting to an urgent phone call.

c.       Call for(`vwe Kiv/PvIqv A‡_©)The situation calls for prompt action.

d.      Call in(KvD‡K †W‡K Avbv †evSv‡Z)Please, call in a doctor.

e.       Call off(cÖZ¨vnvi Kiv)The strike was called off.

f.       Call on/upon(meet, †`Lv Kiv)He called on/upon me in my office.

g.      Call out(†Kvb we‡kl cÖ‡qvR‡b WvKv/PxrKvi Kiv)The police was called out to tackle riots.

h.      Call over (read out, nvwRiv LvZvq bvg WvKv) The teacher called over the names of his pupils in the class.

i.        Call up(remember, ¯§iY Kiv)I can’t call up your name.

9.Carry

a)      Carry away(AvZ¥nviv Kivb)She was carried away with delight.

b)      Carry away (KvD‡K wb‡q P‡j hvIqv) The wiunded man was carried away to the hospital.

c)      Carry off(Rq Kiv/wR‡Z †bIqv)He carried off most of the prizes.

d)     Carry on(Pvwj‡q hvIqv)We must carry on till the end.

e)      Carry out(cvjb/gvb¨ Kiv)You must carry out my order.

f)       Carry over (take forward, wnmv‡ei †Ri ci c…ôvq wb‡q hvIqv) This amount should be carried over to the next page.

g)      Carry through(djcÖmy Kiv/nIqv)His hard labour will carry him through.

h)       Carry through(mdjfv‡e m¤cv`b Kiv)It’s a difficult job but she’s the person to carry it through.

i)         Carry through (wec‡` †K‡U DV‡Z mvnvh¨ Kiv) His honesty will carry him through adversities.

10.Cast

a.       Cast about/around[+for sth](†Kvb wKQzi mÜv‡b †Nvov/Luy‡R †eov‡bv)He is casting about for an opportunity. She cast around/about desperately (gwiqvfv‡e/†ec‡ivqvfv‡e) for a safe topic of conversation.

b.      Cast aside/away/off (cwiZ¨vM/cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kiv) Nothing was cast aside/away/off.

c.        Cast aside/away/off (wb‡¶c Kiv/ Qz‡o †djv/ †d‡j †`Iqv)He cast aside/away/off his old shoes.

d.      Cast out (cwiZ¨vM/cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kiv) As she is my friend, I shall not cast her out.

11.Catch

a.       Catch on (RbwcÖq nIqv) Kamal has really caught on.

b.        Catch up with (bvMvj aiv) Bangladesh is trying to catch up with the improved countries.

12.Come

a.       Come about (NUv) How did the accident come about.

b.      Come across (meet,†`L‡Z cvIqv/nVvr †`Lv)I came across a gentleman on the way.

c.       Come along (m‡•M Avmv) I am glad you came along.

d.      Come at (AvK«g‡bi Rb¨ Kv‡iv w`‡K Avmv) He came at me with a knife.

e.       Come by (get,cvIqv)How did you come by this picture.

f.       Come down (decrease, Kgv)The price of rice may come down tomorrow.

g.      Come forward(nvwRi nIqv)He came forward with secret information.

h.        Come of/from((wKQzi)djm¡iƒc NUv)I made not a few enquiries, but nothing came of it in the end.

i.        Come of(Rb§ MÖnY Kiv)He comes of a respectable family.

j.        Come off(AbywôZ nIqv)Our annual sports will come off tomorrow.

k.      Come off(mdj/mv_©K nIqv)I wanted to surprise him but the plan didn’t come off.

l.        Come out(cÖKvwkZ nIqv)The result will come out soon.

m.    Come round(recover,heal,Av‡ivM¨ jvf Kiv)The patient will come round soon.

n.      Come to(cwigv‡b †gvU nIqv)His income comes to Rs. 100/- a month.

o.      Come to(†Kvb wm×vb&Z ev gxgvsmvq Avmv)We want to come to a decision today.

p.      Come up to(mgvb nIqv)The result did not come up to his expectation.

q.      Come upon(nVvr †`Lv)As Tom neared the school, he came upon Huck.

13.Cry

a.       Cry for(demand,`vwe Kiv)The cry for jobs.

b.      Cry out(shout,wPrKvi Kiv) ‘Help!’ she cried out.

c.       Cry out for(LyeB cÖ‡qvRb nIqv)Now, the school cries out for good teachers.

14.Clear

a.        Clear away (AcÖ‡qvRbxq †Kvb wKQz m‡i †djv †evSv‡Z) Clear away every dirty thing from your room.

b.      Clear off(cvjv‡bv/P‡j hvIqv)He cleared off when he heard the police siren.

c.        Clear out(†Kvb wKQz Lvwj K‡i cwi®‹vi Kiv)The sweepers cleared out the safety tank of the toilet.

d.      Clear up(cwi®‹vi Kiv)It’s time to clear up your room.

e.       Clear up((AvenvIqv) cwi®‹vi _vKv)If the weather cleared up, I would go to Dhaka.

15.Cut

a.       Cut down(nZ¨v Kiv)He was cut down by an assassin’s(nZ¨vKvix'i) bullet.

b.      Cut down(†K‡U bvgvb/f‚cvwZZ Kiv)The tree has been cut down.

c.       Cut down(`vg B. Kgv‡bv)Try to cut down your budget.

d.      Cut off(wew”Qbœ /c…_K Kiv)He was cut off from the whole world.

e.       Cut out(omit,ev` †`Iqv)The writer wanted to cut out coffee from the next month.

f.       Cut up(UzK‡iv UzK‡iv K‡i(gvsm B.)KvUv)Cut up the fleshes.

16.Do

a.        Do away with (abolish, i` / †jvc Kiv) He thinks it’s time we did away with the monarchy.

b.      Do down(criticize unfairly, mgv‡jvPbv/wb›`v Kiv)He enjoys doing others down.

c.       Do for(serve the purpose of, Kv‡R jvMv/Dc‡hvMx nIqv)This cloth will do for a flag.

d.      Do for(destroy, aŸsm Kiv)Without that contract, we are done for.

e.       Do sb in(nZ¨v Kiv)He was depressed, he felt like doing himself in.

f.       Do out(sweep, SuvU †`Iqv, clear up, cwi®‹vi Kiv)I did my room out.

g.      Do up(†MvQMvQ Kiv)She had to do up many rooms everyday.

h.      Do with(e¨envi/PjvPj Kiv(m¤c…³Zv/m¤cK& ev cÖvmswMKZv †eSv‡Z))A politician has to do with all shorts of people.

i.        Do without(manage without, †Kvb wKQz e¨ZxZ Pjv)I cannot do without books.

17.Deal

a.    Deal in(e¨emv Kiv)He dealt in rice.

b.    Deal with(behave, e¨envi Kiv)He deals with me very well.

18.Draw

a.    Draw away(Ab¨w`‡K wdiv‡bv/mwi‡q †bIqv)His attention was drawn away by the noise.

b.    Draw back(retreat, wcQvBqv Avmv)The army is now drawing back.

c.    Draw in(msKywPZ Kiv/nIqv)The days draw in during the winter season.

d.   Draw on(approach, KvQvKvwQ nIqv)The festival is drawing on.

19.Drop

a.    Drop away(m‡i cov/cÖ¯’vb Kiv)During my misery many of my friends dropped away.

b.    Drop in(A궇Yi Rb¨ †`Lv Kiv)Why do you not drop in.

c.    Drop off = Drop away.

d.   Drop off(msL¨vq ev cwigv‡Y K‡g hvIqv)His companions dropped off one by one.

e.    Drop out((¯‹zj‐K‡jR n‡Z)S‡o cov A‡_©)She started an engineering degree but dropped out after only a year.

f.     Drop through(e¨_©/cÊ nIqv)The scheme has dropped through.

20.Die

a.    Die away(ax‡i ax‡i wgjvBqv hvIqh/wejyc— nIqv)The sound of their laughter died away.

b.    Die by(`yN©Ubvq giv)They died by an accident.

c.    Die by(welvK«vb— n‡q giv)She died by (taking) poison.

d.   Die down(ax‡i ax‡i cÖkwgZ nIqv)The flames finally died down.

e.    Die for(i/Gi Rb¨ gviv hvIqv)We are ready to die for the country.

f.      Die from(†Kvb Kvh© Kvi‡Y gviv hvIqv)She died from overeating/ hard work/ rigorous work.

g.    Die of(†iv‡M giv)He died of an unknown disease.

h.    Die off(G†K G†K gviv hvIqv)Cattle died off in the village.

i.      Die out(wejyß/A`…k¨ nIqv)Some social values are dying out.

21.Fall

a.    Fall among((nVvr `j cÖf…wZi)`‡j Avwmqv cov)Kali fell among (the) thieves.

b.    Fall away(m‡i cov)He fell away when I was in trouble.

c.    Fall back (draw back, wcQz nUv/cðv`cmiY Kiv) The enemy fell back as our troops (ˆmb¨`j) advanced.

d.   Fall back upon (†Kvb weKí cš’v Aejg¡bKiv) Having lost the job, he fell back upon agriculture.

e.    Fall behind(lag, wcQ‡b c‡o _vKv/wc‡Q cov)He fell behind me in the race.

f.     Fall in(aŸ‡m cov/†f‡•M cov)The roof of the house fell in.

g.    Fall in with (GKgZ nIqv)We fell in with his suggestion.

h.    Fall in with(nVvr mv¶vr cvIqv)I fell in with one of my school friends in the coach.

i.      Fall off(n«vm cvIqv/K‡g hvIqv)The number of audience fell off.

j.      Fall on(attack, AvK«gY Kiv)The robbers fall on the passer-by.

k.    Fall out(Kjn/weev` Kiv)Don’t fall out with your friend.

l.      Fall out( [mvg.]jvBb ev mvwi Z¨vM K‡i m‡i hvIqv) Hasan, fall out and sing national anthem.

m.  Fall through(wbùj/e¨_© nIqv)All his plans fell through.

n.     Fall to(mvMÖ‡n kyiy Kiv)The starving man fell to eating.

o.    Fall upon(fall on, AvK«gY Kiv)The tiger fell upon the tiger.

22.Fill

a.    Fill in(c‚iY Kiv)Fill in the gaps.

b.    Fill up(cwic‚Y©/fivU Kiv/nIqv)The well filled up with rubbish.

23.F.....

a.    Fade away (A`„k¨ nIqv) The color faded away soon.

b.    Find out (detect, Lyu‡R †ei Kiv) He is always busy to find out my faults.

c.    Fix on (w¯’i Kiv/evwQ‡q †`Iqv) Have you fixed on a date for the meeting.

d.   Fix up (organize, e¨eˉ’v Kiv) We fixed up the marriage.

24.Get

a.    Get about (cÖPvwiZ nIqv) The news got about everywhere.

b.    Get at (reach, †Kvb wKQz‡Z †cuŠQv‡bv/nv‡Zi bvMv‡j cvIqv) The books are locked up and I cannot get at them.

c.    Get away (escape, cjvqb Kiv) The convict got away from the jail.

d.   Get back (wd‡i cvIqv) If you give him the book, you will not get it back.

e.    Get by (pass, cvk w`‡q hvIqv) Please let me get by.

f.     Get down (descend, AeZib Kiv/bvgv) He got down from the train.

g.    Get in (†cuŠQv‡bv) The bus got in late.

h.    Get in (to win an election) BNP stands a good chance of getting in.

i.      Get into(cÖ‡ek Kiv/IVv [Mvwo‡Z] )He got into the bus.

j.      Get into(put on, cwiavb Kiv)I cannot get into these shoes, they are too small.

k.    Get off(escape, cjvqb Kiv)The thief got off safely.

l.      Get on (proceed, AMÖmi nIqv) How are you getting on with your studies? He is getting on very well at school.

m.  Get out(come out, cÖKvwkZ nIqv)If this gets out, there will be trouble.

n.    Get sth out (produce, publish, cÖKvk Kiv)Will you get the book out by the end of the year.

o.    Get out [of some place] (†Kvb ¯’vb Z¨vM Kiv, evwn‡i hvIqv/Avmv) Get out of the class.

p.    Get out of (`vwqZ¡/KvR Govb/Gwo‡q hvIqv) We promised we’d help him. Now we don’t want to but! We can’t get out of it (the promise)

q.    Get over(overcome, AwZK«g/civ¯— Kiv/e‡k Avbv)He will soon get over the difficulties.

r.     Get over(recover from [illness, distress, mental weakness] )He is just getting over a bad heart attack.

s.     Get through (finish successfully, †kl/mgvav Kiv) He got through the examination.

t.     Get through (DËxY© nIqv/cvm Kiv) He got through the examination all right.

u.    Get through (†dv‡b jvBb cvIqv) I tried to ring him up but I didn’t get through.

v.    Get sth through (cvm Kivb) They got the bill through parliament.

w.  Get sb through (cvm Kivb) She got all her students through the exam.

x.    Get up(rise from bed)I get up at seven o’clock every morning.

25.Give

a.    Give away(donate, `vb Kiv/weZib Kiv) The president gave away all the blankets to the poor.

b.    Give back(return, ‡diZ †`Iqv)You must give back the book to me./You must give me back the book.

c.    Give in(yield, nvi gvbv/ek¨Zv m¡xKvi Kiv )At last the opponent gave in.

d.   Give out (‡NvlYv Kiv) The students who will get through the admission test , their names will be given out.

e.    Give out(dzwi‡q hvIqv)After a month their food gave out.

f.     Give over(Ac©b/n¯—vš—wiZ Kiv)He will give over charge tomorrow.

g.    Give over(stop, eÜ/†kl nIqv)The rain will soon give over.

h.    Give up(‡Kvb KvR eÜ Kiv)You ought to give up smoking.

i.      Give up(cwiZ¨vM Kiv)Why did you give him up. Never give up hope.

j.      Give oneself up to sb (AvZ¥mgc©b Kiv)He gave himself up to the police.

26.Go

a.    Go about(Ny‡i †eov‡bv)Saumik goes about not at all, he is always busy with his study.

b.     Go after(wc‡Q wc‡Q †QvUv [we‡kl K‡i aivi Rb¨] )Police went after the robber.

c.     Go against(oppose, wei“‡× hvIqv)If you try to go against me, you will perish.

d.   Go away (cÖ¯’vb /Z¨vM Kiv) Please go away ; I can’t work unless I am alone.

e.    Go back on (cÖwZÁv/cÖwZkÖ“wZ/K_v cvj‡b ev c‚i‡Y A¶g nIqv) He never goes back on his word( = never fails to do what he has said he will do).

f.     Go beyond (exceed,mxgv Qvwo‡q hvIqv)You have gone beyond your limit.

g.     Go by(pass, AwZevwnZ nIqv)Times after times go by but my grandmother doesn’t come back.

h.    Go by(abide by,Abymv‡i Pjv)If you want to benefit yourself, you have to go by rules.

i.       Go down (set, A¯—/ Wy‡e hvIqv) When the sun goes down, it disappears below the horizon.

j.      Go down(sink, Zwj‡q/Wy‡e hvIqv)If a ship goes down, it disappears below the water.

k.    Go down(fall, wbægyLx nIqv/K‡g hvIqv)Oil is going down in price.

l.      Go off(leave a place, cÖ¯’vb Kiv)She went off to have a drink.

m.  Go off(explode, we‡ùvwiZ nIqv)The bomb went off abruptly.

n.    Go on(Pjv)Admission is going on here.

o.    Go on(continue, PvjvBqv hvIq)Go on with your studies.

p.    Go out(be extinguished, wb‡f hvIqv)The candle itself went out.

q.    Go over(check or examine, cix¶v Kiv)Go over your work before you hand it in.

r.     Go over to(to move from one place to another/to change from one side, opinion etc. to another) Many Bangladeshi people went over to India during the war of liberation.

s.     Go through(peruse, cov)He has gone through the book.

t.       Go through(endure, mn¨ Kiv ev †fvMv)The man has been going through much hardship recently.

u.    Go up(rise, [g~j¨] e„w× cvIqv)The price of rice is going up.

v.    Go with(accompany, m½x nIqv)Don’t you want to go with me?

w.  Go with(agree, GKgZ nIqv)I’ll never go with you in this matter.

x.    Go without(‡Kvb wKQz Qvov Pjv)How long can a human being go without food.

27.Hand

a.    Hand around/round(cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki gv‡S †`Iqv)Please, hand round tea.

b.    Hand back(return, ‡diZ †`Iqv)Please, lend me some money and I’ll hand it back tomorrow.

c.    Hand down[tr](pass down, esk ci¤úivq P‡j Avmv)Traditions have been handed down to us.

d.   Hand in(Rgv †`Iqv)He has handed in his resignation.

e.    Hand [sth] out [to sb](distribute, weZib Kiv/fvM K‡i †`Iqv)Could you please hand out these books to the students.

f.     Hand over(¶gZv/`vwqZ¡ B. n¯—vš—i Kiv)Father handed over the property to the son.

28.Hang

a.    Hang about/around (remain near, NyiNyi Kiv) The kids always hang about in the streets.

b.    Hang back(BZ¯—Z Kiv/Awb”Qv cÖ`k©b Kiv)I was sure she knew the answer but for some reasons she hung back.

c.    Hang down(bxPz Kiv)The student hung down with shame.

d.   Hang on(wbf©i Kiv)Nobody should hang on others.

e.    Hang on [in spoken](wait, A‡c¶v Kiv)Hang on– I’m not quite ready.

f.     Hang on to(k³ K‡i aiv)Hang on to that rope and don’t let go.

g.    Hang out(cÖ`k©bxi Rb¨ Szwj‡q ivLv)The flags of the two countries were hung out.

h.    Hang up(UvOvb/Szjv‡bv)The Headmaster ordered him to hang up the notice on the notice-board.

29.Hold

a.    Hold back(conceal, ‡Mvcb ivLv)He held back the information.

b.    Hold in(control, mshZ ivLv)You should hold in your temper.

c.    Hold off(`~‡i mivBqv ivLv/GovBqv Pjv)There’s already a crowd of reporters outside– I’ll try to hold them off for a while.

d.    Hold on(adhere to, Aa¨emvq mnKv‡i jvwMqv _vKv)We should try our best to hold on our principle.

e.    Hold on(hang on, A‡c¶v Kiv)Hold on! This isn’t the right road.

f.     Hold out(offer or promise, evovBqv †`Iqv/cÖwZkÖ“wZ †`Iqv)He held out a helping hand to me in danger.

g.    Hold over(adjourn, postpone, ¯’wMZ Kiv)The matter was held over until the next meeting.

h.    Hold up(fq †`wL‡q _vgv‡bv)The robbers held up our bus.

i.      Hold up(delay, ‡`wi  Kiv)The train was held up for two hours.

j.      Hold with(approve of, agree with, GKgZ nIqv)I don’t hold with letting children as much TV as they want.                                                                              

30.Keep

a.    Keep at(stick to, ‡j‡M _vKv)She always keeps at study.

b.    Keep away(`~‡i _vKv ev ivLv)A good boy keeps himself away from bad boys.

c.    Keep back(Pvwc‡q ev jywK‡q ivLv)I got the feeling she was keeping something back.

d.   Keep down(hold in, mshZ ivLv)He could not keep down his anger.

e.    Keep in(restrain, ‡fZ‡i ivLv)She was kept in overnight for observation.

f.     Keep in with(eÜzZ¡ eRvq ivwLqv Pjv)I can’t keep in with you any longer.

g.    Keep off(remain at adistance from, mwi‡q _vKv/GovBqv Pjv)Keep off the fire.

h.    Keep on(continue, Pvwj‡q hvIqv)The rain kept on all night.

i.      Keep out(evwn‡i _vKv, cÖ‡ek bv Kiv)Please, keep out.

j.      Keep up(sustain, eRvq ivLv)He always tries to keep up his reputation.

k.    Keep up with(make progress at the same rate of, mgvb Zv‡j Pjv)Try to keep up with the changing world.

31.Lay

a.    Lay aside(mivBqv ivLv)He laid aside his book and stood up.

b.    Lay before(‡ck Kiv)He laid the fact before committee.

c.    Lay by(put by, mÂq Kiv)You should lay by some money for the future.

d.   Lay down(put down, ‡i‡L †`Iqv/e¨envi bv Kiv)He laid down the book on the table.

e.      Lay down(to stop doing a job, ‡Kvb KvR eÜ Kiv)Lay down your office at once and get out.

f.     Lay down(Dc¯’vcb ev wjwce× Kiv)The writer laid down the rules in his book.

g.    Lay in(store, RgvBqv ivLv)The potatoes were laid in for the off-season.

h.    Lay off(dismiss temporarily, mvgwqKfv‡e Kg©Pz¨Z Kiv)The workers were laid off for two months.

i.      Lay out(invest, LvUv‡bv)He is ready to lay out a large amount of money in the business.

j.      Lay up [with](kh¨vkvqx nIqv)She’s laid up with a broken leg.

32.Look

a.    Look after(take care of, ‡`Lvïbv Kiv)Mother looks after her child.

b.    Look at(gaze, ZvKv‡bv)Please, look at the blackboard.

c.    Look back [on](AZxZ we‡ePbv K‡i)Looking back, I don’t consider my situation any worse.

d.   Look down upon(N„Yvi †Pv‡L †`Lv)Don’t look down upon the poor.

e.    Look for(search, ‡LuvRv)He’s been looking for a good job for three years.

f.     Look forward [to] (mvMÖ‡n cÖZx¶v Kiv)We look forward to better days.

g.    Look into(examine, Z`š— Kiv)I asked him to look into the matter.

h.    Look on(consider, MY¨ Kiv)I look on him as a good friend.

i.      Look out(mZK© nIqv)Look out! someone is coming.

j.      Look over(examine, cix¶v Kiv)We’ve been asked to look over the certificates.

k.    Look through(cix¶v Kiv)I’ve looked through your papers.

l.      Look to(rely on, wbf©i Kiv)We are looking to you for help.

m.  Look up(find out, Luy‡R †ei Kiv)Look up the word in the dictionary.

33.Let

a.    Let down(wbivk Kiv)Teachers should not let down students.

b.    Let in(Avm‡Z †`Iqv)Why do you let him in?

c.    Let off(Rwigvbv QvovB Qvov)The court let the robber off.

d.   Let out(cÖmvwiZ / wXjv Kiv)My shirt should have been let out.

34.Live

a.    Live in/at(evm Kiv)I live at Namuja in Bogra.

b.    Live on(Rxeb aviY Kiv)Cows live on grass.

c.    Live through [sth] (‡Kvb AcÖxwZKi Ae¯’vi Dci AwfÁZv AR©b Kiv)He has lived through two would wars.

35.Make

a.    Make after(cðv×veb Kiv)The cat made after the rat.

b.    Make for(move towards, ‡Kvb w`‡K hvIqv)The ship made for London.

c.    Be made of(compose of, ‰Zwi nIqv) The toy is made of plastic.

‘made of’ is used if the material of which the thing is made can still be seen: and ‘made   from’ if the material can no longer be seen. – T.J. FITIKIDES

d)     Make off(escape, cvwj‡q hvIqv)The thief made off with ornaments.

e)      Make out(understand, eyS‡Z cviv)I couldn’t make out what she was saying.

f)       Make over(transfer, n¯—vš—i Kiv)He’s made over the charge to the secretary.

g)      Make up(compensate, ¶wZc~iY Kiv ev wKQz wgwU‡q †djv)I’ll do my best to make up your loss.

h)      Make up [one’s mind] (resolve, gbw¯’i Kiv)In the end he made up his mind to marry the woman.

36.Pass

a.    Pass away(die, gviv hvIqv)The patient passed away peacefully.

b.    Pass by(pay no attention to, D‡c¶v Kiv)He passed by these mistakes.

c.    Pass down = hand down.

d.   Pass for/as(to be accepted as, cwiMwYZ nIqv)He speaks English so well that he can easily pass for an Englishman.

e.    Pass into(to become a part of sth)Many English words have passed into Bangla language.

f.      Pass off(be over, ‡kl nIqv)The demonstration passed off peacefully.

g.    Pass on(Proceed, AvMvBqv hvIqv)Let’s pass on to another subject.

h.    Pass out(to faint, A‡PZb nIqv)He passed out yesterday.

i.      Pass over(ignore/avoid, D‡c¶v Kiv)The woman alleges that her employers passed her over for promotion because she was pregnant.

37.Put

a)      Put aside(lay by, mÂq Kiv/mivBqv ivLv)I try to put aside some money every month.

b)      Put back(¯^¯’v‡b wdwi‡q †`Iqv)After you finish the book, put it back(in the shelf ).

c)      Put by = lay by.

d)     Put down(write down, ‡jLv)Put down your name and address.

e)      Put down(suppress, `gb Kiv)The king put down the revolt.

f)       Put forth(A¼zwiZ Kiv)Trees put forth new leaves in spring.

g)      Put off(postpone, ¯’wMZ Kiv)The meeting was put off.

h)      Put on(wear, cwiavb Kiv)Put on your dress.                                                                     [The opposite of ‘put on’ is ‘take off’ not ‘put off’ ]

i)        Put on(pretend, fvb Kiv)I don’t think she was hurt. She was just putting it on.

j)        Put out(extinguish, wbfvBqv †`Iqv)Put out the lamp.

k)      Put out([of a woman ] agree to have sex/have sex)I wasn’t going to put out just because he’d paid for a dinner.

l)        Put up(raise, UvOv‡bv/DVv‡bv)The Headmaster put up a flag/a notice. Put up your hands.

m)    Put sb  up(let sb  stay, _vK‡Z †`Iqv/ivLv)We can put you  up for the night.

n)      Put up with(tolerate, mn¨ Kiv)I can’t put up with such insult.

38.pull

a)      Pull down(demolish, aŸsm Kiv, †f‡O †djv)War only knows how to pull down.

b)      Pull off(mvdj¨ jvf Kiv)They pulled off the deal.

c)      Pull through(recover, Av‡ivM¨ jvf Kiv)The doctors think he will pull through.

d)     Pull up(stop, [Mvwo/PvjK] †_‡g hvIqv/_vgv)He pulled up at the traffic lights.

39.Pick

a)      Pick out(choose, ‡e‡Q †bIqv)She was pulled out from dozens of applicants.

a)      Pick up([Mvwo‡Z] Zz‡j †bIqv)The bus picks up passengers outside the airport.

b)      Pick up(f‚‚wg †_‡K DVv‡bv)The naughty boy picked up a stone.                                          [“To pick  fruit or flowers” means to pull them away with fingers; “to pick up” means to lift up from the ground.] – T.J. FITIKIDES

40.Pay

a)      Pay back(cwi‡kva Kiv)You must pay back the money.

b)      Pay back(cÖwZ‡kva †bIqv)I’ll pay him back for making me a fool in front of everyone.

c)      Pay up(cy‡iv UvKv †kva Kiv)You have to pay up the money.

41.Run

a)      Run after(chase, cðv×veb Kiv)The villagers ran after the robber.

b)      Run away(flee, cvwj‡q hvIqv)The thief ran away with all the valuables.

c)      Run down(criticize, mgv‡jvPbv/wb›`v Kiv)He’s always running her down in front of other people.

d)     Run into(fall into, cwZZ nIqv)He ran into danger.

e)      Run into[tr](to meet sb by chance, AcÖZ¨vwkZfv‡e †`Lv nIqv)She ran into one of her boyfriends in the market.

f)       Run on(continue, Pwj‡Z _vKv)These things always run on longer than people imagine.

g)      Run out(expire, ‡kl nIqv)My contract runs out in December.

h)      Run over( [Mvwo w`‡q] Pvcv †`Iqv)The old man was run over (by a car).

42.See

a.       See offee old man was run over (by a car).an people imagine.(to bid good-bye, we`vq Rvbv‡bv)My parents saw me off  at the airport.

b.        See through(discover a hidden attempt to deceive, cÖZviYv a‡i †djv/ey‡S †djv)I could see through your little game.(= I was aware of the trick you were trying to play on me.

c.       See to(‡Lqvj Kiv)Don’t worry– I’ll see to it.

43.Send

a.       Send sb down(to expel from a university)She was sent down from Oxford for taking drugs.

b.      Send for(summon, ‡W‡K cvVv‡bv)Please, send for a doctor.

c.       Send sth in(to send sth by post/mail to a place where it will be dealt with)Have you sent in your application yet?

d.      Send on(to send sth before your arriving there, cvwV‡q †`Iqv)We sent our furniture on by ship.

44.Set

a.       Set about(to start doing sth, Avi¤¢ Kiv)She set about the business of cleaning the house.

b.      Set against(to make one oppose, wei“‡× hvIqv‡bv)She accused her husband of setting the children against her.

c.       Set apart/aside(save time/money for a special purpose, c„_K K‡i ivLv)He set aside a part of his income for charity.

d.      Set aside(ignore, AMÖvn¨ Kiv)Let’s set aside my personal feelings for now.

e.       Set back(to delay the progress of, AMÖMwZ eÜ Kiv)The bad weather set back the building programme by several weeks.

f.       Set forth(start a journey, hvÎv ïi“ Kiv)They set forth early in the morning.

g.      Set in(begin, ïi“ nIqv)Winter has set in early this year.

h.      Set off/out(start a journey, hvÎv ïi“ Kiv)He set off/out for London.

i.        Set up(establish, ¯’vcb Kiv)The villagers have set up a school in the villsge.

45.Sit

a.       Sit back(relax, Avivg Kiv)I am going to sit back after working all day long.

b.      Sit down(e‡m cov)I sat down on the sofa next to Akhi.

c.       Sit up(stay awake, ivw·Z †R‡M/e‡m _vKv)The book was so interesting that I sat up all night reading it.

46.Stand

a.       Stand against(oppose, wei“‡× `uvov‡bv)They stood against their common enemy.

b.      Stand aside(move to one side, m‡i hvIqv)She stood aside to let us pass.

c.       Stand by(support, cv‡k `uvov‡bv, mvnvh¨ Kiv)Always stand by your friends.

d.      Stand for(to be abbreviation or symbol, cÖZxK nIqv)What does ‘Cu’ stand for.

e.       Stand for(contest, cÖv_©x nIqv/cÖv_x© iƒ‡c `uvov‡bv)Mr Hannan stood for Parliament five years ago but he wasn’t elected.

f.       Stand out(to be much better or more important, wewkó nIqv)His work stands out from that of the others.

g.      Stand up(to be on your feet)There were no seats left so I had to stand up.

h.      Stand up for(stick up for, support/defend, mg_©b Kiv, c‡¶ `uvov‡bv)His father blamed him, but his mother stood up for him and said that he had acted sensibly.

i.        Stand up to(resist, cÖwZ‡iva Kiv)It was brave of her to stand up to those bullies.

47.Take

a.       Be taken aback(AevK nIqv)I was taken aback at his remark.

b.      Take after(m`„k¨ nIqv)The girl takes after her mother.

c.       Take back(cÖZ¨vnvi Kiv)He took back his remarks.

d.      Take down(write down)Take down what your teachers say.

e.       Take for(fyj a‡i †bIqv)I took the rope for a snake.

f.       Take in( [Kvco] msKxY© evbv‡bv)This dress needs to be taken in at the waist.

g.      Take off(Ly‡j †djv)Take off your coat.[see ‘put on’]

h.      Take out( [kix‡ii †fZ‡ii †Kvb Ask] Zz‡j †djv)Take out your tooth.

i.        Take over(`vwqZ¡ MÖnY Kiv)The newly appointed chairman of the department has taken over the charge.

j.        Take to(addict, Avm³ nIqv/Af¨¯— nIqv)I’ve taken to walking very early.

k.      Take up(fill an amount of space or time, e¨vß Kiv)The table takes up too much room. This work will take up too much time.

l.        Take up(accept a suggestion, offer, idea, or challenge, MÖnY Kiv)Raju took up the invitation to visit. Dr Zakir Naik took up the challenge and proved that Islam is the only true religion given by the creator.

48.Talk, Tell, Throw, Try

a.       Talk over(discuss, Av‡jvPbv Kiv)They are talking over the matter.

b.      Tell of(describe, eY©bv Kiv)He told of his plan in details.

c.       Tell upon(affect, ¶wZ Kiv A‡_©)Smoking tells upon one’s health.

d.      Throw away/out(jettison, wb‡¶c Kiv)Throw away those old shoes.

e.       Throw up(abandon suddenly, nVvr cwiZ¨vM Kiv)He suddenly got tired of the job and threw it up.

f.       Throw up(vomit, ewg Kiv)The baby has thrown up milk.

g.      Try on(put on an article of clothing to see if it fits, [cwiavb K‡i] cix¶v Kiv)I like this dress. Could I try it on?

h.      Try out(test, cix¶v Kiv)We don’t know how the plan works till we’ve tried it out.

49.Turn

a.       Turn against(to stop or make sb stop being friendly towards sb, eÜzZ¡ bv ivLv)He turned against me. Mim tried to turn me against Zim.

b.      Turn away(refuse admittance to, XyK‡Z bv †`Iqv)The man at the door turned away anybody who hadn’t an invitation card.

c.       Turn down(reject, AMÖvn¨/cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kiv)He turned down our proposal.

d.      Turn down(decrease the pressure, force, volume of ; Kgv‡bv)Turn down the radio.

e.       Turn into(convert into, cwieZ©b Kiv)Turn the passage into English.

f.       Turn off(switch off, eÜ Kiv)Turn off the light.

g.      Turn on(switch on, Pvjy Kiv)Turn on the fan.

h.      Turn on/upon(attack suddenly, nVvr Avµgb Kiv)The dogs suddenly turned on/upon eachother.

i.        Turn out(drive out, evict, weZvwoZ Kiv)He was turned out from the house.

j.        Turn out(be revealed, cÖwZcbœ nIqv)He turned out to be a bad man.

k.      Turn over(Dëv‡bv)He turned over the stone.

l.        Turn over(D‡ë hvIqv)The boat turned over.

m.    Turn to(to go to sb/sth for help, advice, etc.)She has nobody she can turn to.

n.      Turn up(increase the pressure, force, volume of ; evov‡bv)Turn up the radio!

o.      Turn up(arrive, appear, Dcw¯’Z nIqv)He has not turned up yet.

50.W------

a.       Wait on(attend on, ‡mev Kiv)She waits on/upon her mother.

b.      Watch out= look out.

c.       Wipe out(destroy completely, m¤ú~Y©fv‡e aŸsm Kiv)Houses have been wiped out.

d.      Work out(solve, mgvavb Kiv)He couldn’t work out the sum.

e.       Work up(excite, D‡ËwRZ Kiv)What are you so worked up about?

f.       Write down(write on paper, ‡jLv)Write down the address before you forget it.

g.      Write out(write completely, c~Y©fv‡e †jLv)His statement has been written out.

Romantic phrasal verbs

carry on phrasal verb HAVE SEX

2. old-fashioned informal to have a sexual relationship

Is it true that Rachel and Marcus have been carrying on ( with each other) ?

get (sb) off phrasal verb PLEASURE

2. mainly US slang to have or give someone an orgasm

They got off at the same time.

go down on sb phrasal verb slang

to use the tongue and lips to touch someone's sexual organs in order to give pleasure

knock sb off phrasal verb [ M ] HAVE SEX

2. offensive old-fashioned to have sex with someone

knock sb up phrasal verb [ M ] MAKE PREGNANT

2. slang to make a woman pregnant

You don't want to get knocked up by some guy you hardly know.

make out phrasal verb US informal HAVE SEX

2. to kiss and touch in a sexual way, or to succeed in having sex with someone

Boys at that age are only interested in making out with girls.

sleep together phrasal verb informal

If two people sleep together, they have sex

I don't think they sleep together any more.

sleep with sb phrasal verb informal

to have sex with someone

He found out that his wife had been sleeping with his best friend.

suck sb off phrasal verb [ M ] offensive

to use the tongue, lips and mouth on someone's sexual organs to give them pleasure

toss (sb) off phrasal verb UK offensive

to give someone sexual pleasure by rubbing their sex organs, or to do this to yourself

[ R ] Is that your idea of a sex-life - tossing off over porn mags?

Word order with phrasal verbs

Phrasal verbs (multi-word verbs) are verbs that consist of two words (sometimes three words). The first word is a verb and it is followed by an adverb (turn down) or a preposition (eat into) or both (put up with). These adverbs or prepositions are called particles.

Adverb meanings

GKwU adverb Gi wewfbœ A_© _vK‡Z cv‡i|

• On (connected, ms‡hvM †`Iqv A‡_©) § Switch on the kettle. § Turn on the TV. § Leave the lights on all night. Off (away, departing) § The thief ran off. § Jump in the car and drive off. § The pain is wearing off. Off (disconnected, ms‡hvM wew”Qbœ Kiv A‡_©) § Cut off our electricity. § Switch off the fire. Out (completely) § Write out the whole text. § Work out the answer. Out (away, disappearing) § Wash out the dirt. § Cross out a mistake. Out (aloud, D”P¯^‡i) § Read out the article. § Call out anxiously. Out (to different people) § Hand out free tickets. § Share out the winnings.

  Up (m¤ú~Y©fv‡e/c~Y©fv‡e)

§ Eat up these chocolates.

§ Tear up the paper.

§ Fill up with petrol.

• Up (e„w× cvIqv A‡_©)

§ Prices are going up.

§ Put up taxes.

§ Speak up so that we can hear.

• Down (completely to the ground)

§ Knock down a house.

§ Cut down the trees.

• Down(decreasing, n«vm A‡_©)

§ Bring down inflation.

§ Turn the sound down.

• Down (on paper, KvM‡R)

§ Copy down the words.

§ Write down the number.

§ Take down the statement.

• Over(ïi“ †_‡K †kl ch©š—)

§ Check your work over.

§ Think the problem over.

• On(continuing, Pjgvb A‡_©)

§ Carry on working.

§ Drive on a bit further.

§ Hang on/hold on a minute.